Bird field guide · Longspurs and Snow Buntings

Photographing the Snow Bunting

How to photograph the Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis): the right lens for its size, shutter speeds for perched and moving animals, and when it's most often seen (January, February and November).

14–17 cm1/2500–1/3200 s
Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis)
Photo: © Christoph Moning, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Christoph Moning via iNaturalist
14–17 cm
Typical length (family range)
1/800 s
Shutter: perched / still
1/2500–1/3200 s
Shutter: action / flight
f/5.6–f/7.1
Aperture
10,384
Research-grade sightings in N. America
ModeManual + Auto ISOLock shutter & aperture, let ISO float
Shutter (still)1/800 s
Shutter (action)1/2500–1/3200 s
Aperturef/5.6–f/7.1
FocusAF-C + subject/eye detectionBird-eye AF with continuous focus (AF-C/AI Servo); fill at least a third of the frame.
DriveHigh-speed burst
Lens400–600 mmFull-frame equivalent

Focal length needed to frame it#

For a subject about 16 cm long filling a third or half of the frame width horizontally. Small birds demand long lenses and a close approach — a blind or feeder setup helps.

Distance⅓ of frame (FF)½ of frame (FF)⅓ of frame (APS-C)⅓ of frame (MFT)
5 m (16 ft)356 mm520 mm237 mm178 mm
10 m (33 ft)712 mm1,040 mm475 mm356 mm
15 m (49 ft)1,068 mm1,561 mm712 mm534 mm
20 m (66 ft)1,424 mm2,081 mm949 mm712 mm
30 m (98 ft)2,136 mm3,121 mm1,424 mm1,068 mm
50 m (164 ft)3,559 mm5,202 mm2,373 mm1,780 mm

When to find it#

Jan: 17% Jan Feb: 16% Feb Mar: 8% Mar Apr: 5% Apr May: 3% May Jun: 4% Jun Jul: 4% Jul Aug: 3% Aug Sep: 1% Sep Oct: 9% Oct Nov: 19% Nov Dec: 12% Dec
Share of iNaturalist observations by month across North America. Peak months: January, February and November.

About the Snow Bunting#

The snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis), sometimes colloquially called a snowflake, is a passerine bird in the family Calcariidae . It is an Arctic specialist, with a circumpolar Arctic breeding range throughout the northern hemisphere. There are small isolated populations on a few high mountain tops south of the Arctic region, including the Cairngorms in central Scotland and the Saint Elias Mountains on the southern Alaska-Yukon border, and also Cape Breton Highlands.

Summary adapted from Wikipedia via iNaturalist (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Field-craft tips#

  • Open winter fields; approach slowly in a vehicle.
  • Bird-eye AF with continuous focus (AF-C/AI Servo); fill at least a third of the frame.
  • Sightings peak in January, February and November, which is when you'll have the most chances.

Ethics#

  • The welfare of the animal comes first: if it changes its behaviour because of you, you are too close.
  • Stay on trails, respect closures around nests, leks, dens and haul-outs.
  • Avoid playback and baiting in sensitive seasons; never bait predators.
  • Don't share precise locations of rare, nesting or roosting animals publicly.

Frequently asked questions#

What lens do I need to photograph a Snow Bunting?

At about 16 cm long, a snow bunting fills a third of a full-frame image at 10 m with roughly 712 mm, or at 20 m with 1,424 mm.

What shutter speed should I use for a Snow Bunting?

1/800 s when it's still; 1/2500–1/3200 s for action.

When is the best time to photograph a Snow Bunting?

Observations in North America peak in January, February and November. Early morning and late afternoon give the best light and activity.

Sources & licences#

Last updated October 03, 2026 · How we calculate · Sources